The Variational Anatomy of the Human Endolymphatic Sac

Dan Bagger-sjöbäck Departments of Otolaryngology Karolinska Sjukhuset, 10 401 Stockholm and Akademiska Sjukhuset, University of Uppsala, S-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden

Ulla Friberg Departments of Otolaryngology Karolinska Sjukhuset, 10 401 Stockholm and Akademiska Sjukhuset, University of Uppsala, S-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden

Birgitta Jansson Departments of Otolaryngology Karolinska Sjukhuset, 10 401 Stockholm and Akademiska Sjukhuset, University of Uppsala, S-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden

Helge Rask-Andersen Departments of Otolaryngology Karolinska Sjukhuset, 10 401 Stockholm and Akademiska Sjukhuset, University of Uppsala, S-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden

Abstract

Serial horizontal sectioning of the human endolymphatic duct and sac (ES), and longitudinal serial sectioning of the extraosseous ES, were performed. A comprehensive view of the configuration of the ES at different levels was obtained. In one-third of the specimens the ES overlapped the sigmoid sinus. The area of the extraosseous ES varied greatly and a small or non-existent extraosseous ES could explain the sometimes difficult task in locating the ES at shunt surgery for Menière's disease.

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