Effect of Interaction between Noise and Toluene on Auditory Function in the Rat

Abstract

Rats were exposed to toluene (1000 ppm, 16 h/d, 5 d/w, 2 w), or noise (100 dB L_eq 10 h/d, 7 d/w, 4 w) or toluene followed by noise. Auditory function was tested by brainstem audiometry using a 1/3 octave filtered sine wave stimulus at the frequencies 1.6, 3.15, 6.3, 12.5 and 20.0 kHz. A high-frequency auditory impairment was observed after exposure to toluene alone and noise alone. A slight recovery was recorded 1 and 6 months after the toluene exposure. Toluene followed by noise resulted in a higher threshold at all frequencies. A slight recovery was recorded 6 months post-exposure. The threshold shift exceeded the summated loss caused by toluene alone and by noise alone, particularly at 3.15 and 6.3 kHz. The latencies varied only slightly. The results indicate that the major cause of the auditory impairment was cochlear damage and that only minor injury was caused to the auditory pathways.

Key Words:

• auditory brainstem response
• hearing loss
• organic solvent
• noise
• ototoxicity.