Effectiveness of different click stimuli in diagnosing superior canal dehiscence using cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials

Abstract

Conclusion: Testing cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) in response to 90 dB nHL clicks can, in contrast to high-intensity 500 Hz tone bursts, be used as a screening test for superior canal dehiscence (SCD) syndrome. Objectives: cVEMP testing has its key clinical significance for evaluating saccular and inferior vestibular nerve function, but also for assessment of vestibular hypersensitivity to sounds in patients with SCD syndrome. The routine stimulus used in cVEMP testing is high-intensity 500 Hz tone bursts. The aim of the present study was to compare the high-intensity tone burst stimulation with less intense click stimulations for the diagnosis of SCD syndrome. Methods: cVEMP amplitudes in response to 500 Hz tone bursts and clicks were studied in 38 patients with SCD syndrome unilaterally. Results: cVEMP testing using high-intensity 500 Hz tone bursts did not consistently distinguish SCD patients. This nonfunctioning of high-intensity 500 Hz stimulation is most likely due to saturation. With 90 and 80 dB nHL clicks there is low risk for saturation and both these click stimulations were effective. Testing with both 80 and 90 dB nHL clicks did not have any significant advantage over just using 90 nHL dB clicks.

Keywords::

• Superior canal dehiscence syndrome
• VEMP
• click stimulation

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Mariana Hansson, Department of Audiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, for help with the data collection and Magnus Westin, Department of Audiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, for preparing Figure 4.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.