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Original Article

Effects of Room Reverberation and Noise on Speech Discrimination by the Elderly

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Pages 319-324 | Received 06 Sep 1984, Accepted 22 Mar 1985, Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

Speech discrimination performance was measured in sound field for 10 young normal-hearing subjects, 10 elderly ‘normal-hearing’ subjects with a mean pure-tone average of 9.9 dB HTL, and 10 elderly hearing-impaired subjects with a mean pure-tone average of 48.5 dB HTL. Speech discrimination abilities were assessed in quiet and noise (S/N = +10 dB) in a sound suite and under two levels of reverberation in a reverberant room (RT = 0.59 and 1.56 s). Results indicated that the elderly ‘normal-hearing’ and young normal-hearing subjects have similar speech discrimination performance in the sound suite for both the quiet and noise conditions. In addition, performance by these two groups was almost identical under both levels of reverberation in quiet. However, when noise was added to the reverberant conditions, performance by the elderly ‘normal-hearing’ subjects was significantly poorer than that obtained by the young normal-hearing subjects. The elderly hearing-impaired subjects yielded speech discrimination scores that were significantly poorer than the elderly ‘normal-hearing’ subjects and the young normal-hearing subjects for all of the listening conditions.

La discrimination de la parole a été mesurée dans un champ acoustique chez 10 sujets jeunes normo-entendants, 10 sujets aˇgés «normo-entendants» ayant un audiogramme moyen à 9,9 dB et 10 sujets aˇgés sourds avec une perte moyenne de 48,5 dB. La discrimination de la parole a été évaluee dans le calme et dans le bruit (S/B = +10 dB) dans une chambre sourde et dans une chambre réverbérante à deux niveaux de réverbération (0,59 et 1,56 s). Les résultats indiquent que les sujets aˇgés «normo-entendants» et les sujets jeunes normo-enten-dants ont des discriminations identiques en chambre sourde aussi bien dans les deux conditions de calme et de bruit. De plus, les performances de ces deux groupes étaient presque identiques pour les deux niveaux de réverbération, dans le calme. Cependant, lorsqu'on ajoutait le bruit, dans les conditions de réverbération, les performances des sujets aˇgés «normo-entendants» étaient significativement moins bonnes que celles des sujets jeunes normo-entendants. Les sujets aˇgés sourds avaient une discrimination significativement moindre par rapport á celle des sujets aˇgés «normo-entendants» et des sujets jeunes normo-entendants, dans toutes les conditions.

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