Ethanol elimination-rates determined by breath analysis as a marker of recent excessive ethanol consumption

Abstract

The rate of ethanol elimination was studied in two groups of men by means of an Alcotest 7010 breath analyser. The experimental group consisted of 15 skid-row alcoholics undergoing detoxification. Their median daily ethanol consumption was 211 (range 26-476) g pure ethanol during the last year. The control group was made up of 12 age-matched healthy social drinkers consuming 9 (range 4-23) g day^-1 pure ethanol during the last year. The median ethanol elimination-rate in the elimination phase was 0.25 (range 0.13-0.31) g l^-1 h^_1 during the detoxification period in the experimental group. This value was approximately 70% higher than in the control group (0.14 (0.12-0.17) g P¹ h^_1). Some correlation was found between reported ethanol intake, and the calculated ethanol elimination-rate, as well as gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine amino transferase (ALAT), aspartate amino transferase (ASAT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and HDL-cholesterol. Of these measures, ethanol elimination-rate showed highest sensitivity and efficiency for detection of ethanol consumption above the limit of 50 g per day.

Key Words:

• alcoholics
• breath analysis
• consumption
• elimination
• ethanol
• markers