Abstract
Cardiovascular haemodynamics and circulating catecholamines were studied in 22 patients with cirrhosis. Arterial plasma noradrenaline (NA) was significantly increased (median, 0.48 ng/ml, versus controls, 0.24 ng/ml; n = 17; P < 0.001), indicating enhanced sympathetic nervous activity. Heart rate was also increased (88 min−1 versus controls, 68 min−1; P 0.001), and mean arterial blood pressure was significantly decreased (81 mm Hg, versus controls, 88 mm Hg; P 0.002). Cardiac output was above the upper reference limit in eight patients and below the lower limit in two patients. Arterial NA was inversely correlated to stroke volume (r = 0.55; P 0.01) and to cardiac output (r = 0.53; P 0.02). Statistically significant relationships could not be demonstrated between NA and heart rate, arterial blood pressure, or right atrial pressure, but NA was slightly positively correlated to systemic vascular resistance (r = 0.51; P < 0.02). The results may suggest that a relatively insufficient cardiac performance in the hyperkinetic circulatory state in cirrhosis may elicit an enhanced sympathetic nervous activity, which may contribute to maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis.