Influence of 16,16–Dimethyl Prostaglandin E₂ on Morphology and Brush Border Enzymes of Small-Bowel Mucosa Differences in Reactivity between Adult and Suckling Rats

Abstract

Baumgartner A, Koelz HR, Lentze MJ, Halter F. Influence of 16, 16–dimethyl prostaglandin E₂ on morphology and brush border enzymes of small-bowel mucosa. Differences in reactivity between adult and suckling rats. Scand J Gastroenterol 1985, 20(suppl 112), 41–44.

High doses of 16,16–dimethyl prostaglandin E₂ (dmPGE) are trophic to the small bowel of adult and suckling rats. in suckling rats this effect is paralleled by an increase in brush border enzyme activities, possibly indicating accelerated mucosal maturation. To investigate the possible physiological significance of this phenomenon, we examined whether this induction of intestinal enzyme activities can be reproduced in adult rats and whether cell growth and enzyme activity might be suppressed by indomethacin. Treatment twice daily for 2 weeks with 100 mUg/kg dmPGE by intra-gastric instillation increased villus length in the proximal and distal small bowel by 36% and 40%, respectively, while 2 mg/kg indomethacin by subcutaneous injection had no effect. Maltase, trehalase, lactase, and sucrase activities were unchanged after dmPGE or indomethacin. (³H -thymidine incorporation into DNA was not significantly influenced for up to 24 h after a single dose of both 100 mUg/kg PGE intragastrically or 10 mg/kg indomethacin subcutaneously. These studies confirm that in adult rats large doses of 16, 16–dm PGE₂ increase the volume of the small-bowel mucosa. in contrast to the situation in suckling rats, the activity of hydrolytic brush border enzymes is not increased. There is thus no evidence that endogenous prostaglandins are trophic or influence brush border enzymes in the adult rat.

Key Words:

• Indomethacin
• intestinal mucosa
• anatomy and histology
• intestinal mucosa
• enzymology
• prostaglandin E
• synthetic
• rats