The Partial Ileal Bypass Operation Does Not Cause Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency

Abstract

Recent studies have indicated that ileal resection may lead to essential fatty acid deficiency, as demonstrated by plasma fatty acid composition. In the present study the serum cholesterol ester fatty acid composition was determined in patients who had undergone a partial ileal bypass operation several years earlier. The mean length of ileal exclusion was 2.0m (range, 1.4–2.5m). The patients with ileal bypass had severe bile acid malabsorption and slight fat malabsorption (fecal fat, 16 g/day). The fatty acid composition of serum cholesterol esters in the patients with ileal exclusion was identical with that of matched controls; for example, linoleic acid comprised 58% of the C_14–18 fatty acids in the control patients and 61% in the patients with ileal bypass. It is concluded that exclusion of the distal third of a healthy small bowel does not cause essential fatty acid deficiency.

Key Words:

• Arachidonic acid
• cholesterol ester
• eicosapentaenoic acid
• essential fatty acid deficiency
• familial hypercholesterolemia
• ileal dysfunction
• linoleic acid
• malabsorption
• partial ileal bypass