Assessment of the Neutrophil Dominating Protein Calprotectin in Feces: A Methodologic Study

Abstract

This study describes methods for extraction and quantification of calprotectin (LI protein) in feces by enzyme immunoassay. This protein is a prominent antimicrobial component of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and squamous epithelia. Calprotectin was stable in feces during storage for 7 days at room temperature. Small fecal samples taken from a 24-h feces collection gave a reliable estimate of calprotectin. Within-assay precision was 1.9%, and between-assay precision 14.8%. In healthy subjects (n = 33) median fecal calprotectin was 2025 μ/l and in hospital controls (n = 40) 10,500 ug/1. Median values in patients with Crohn's disease (n = 21) was 43,000 u.g/1 and in ulcerative colitis (n = 17) 40,000 μg/1. Fecal calprotectin was significantly correlated to fecal α₁-antitrypsin in the patients with Crohn's disease. Ten of 11 patients with gastrointestinal carcinomas had calprotectin level above the suggested reference limit of 6740 μg/1.

Key Words:

• Fecal calprotectin
• gastrointestinal carcinoma
• inflammatory bowel disease activity
• leukocyte turnover