Decreased Cerebrospinal Fluid β-Endorphin and Increased Pain Sensitivity in Patients with Functional Abdominal Pain

Abstract

Jørgensen LS, Bach FW, Christiansen P, Raundahl U, Østgaard S, Ekman R. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid β-endorphin and increased pain sensitivity in patients with functional abdominal pain. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993;28:763-766.

We investigated whether central pain mechanisms including the endogenous antinociceptive system are involved in functional abdominal pain–that is, abdominal pain without abnormal findings at routine examinations. β-Endorphin, met-enkephalin immunoreactivity, and dynorphin immunoreactivity were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from nine patients with long-lasting functional abdominal pain and nine pain-free controls undergoing minor surgery while under spinal analgesia. Furthermore, pain sensitivity was evaluated with an ischaemic pain test comparing 21 functional abdominal pain patients with two control groups: 1) 24 patients with organic abdominal pain due to duodenal ulcer, gallstone, or urinary tract calculi, and 2) 13 healthy pain-free controls. The CSF β-endorphin concentration was significantly decreased in the functional abdominal pain group as compared with nine matched controls (P = 0.01). Met-enkephalin and dynorphin immunoreactivities were normal. This part of the investigation was suspended after nine patients had been tested, because of post-lumbar-puncture headache. With regard to pain sensitivity, no significant difference between the three groups was shown, but subdivision of the functional abdominal pain group showed that individuals with pain and no symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were significantly more sensitive to pain than functional abdominal pain patients with IBS and healthy controls (P = 0.04).

Key Words:

• Abdominal pain
• Dynorphin
• β-endorphin
• endorphins
• headache
• irritable bowel syndrome
• met-enkephalin
• opioid peptides