Transplantation of Isolated Hepatocytes and Their Role in Extrahepatic Life Support Systems

Abstract

Transplantation of isolated hepatocytes for the replacement of liver function and the use of isolated hepatocytes as a bridge-to-transplantation in extrahepatic bioartificial liver support devices offer important therapeutic advances for treating severe liver disease. Progress in cell biology, tissue culture techniques and biotechnology have led the way for the potential therapeutic use of isolated hepatocytes in a wide array of liver disorders. Transplanted hepatocytes show considerable promise of performing the full range of liver functions in several animal models of liver disease, ranging from fulminant hepatic failure to congenital metabolic liver disease. Recently, several interesting designs for extrahepatic liver support systems have been proposed. Although there is no current consensus on its eventual design configuration, the hollow fiber hepatocyte bioreactor design has the greatest potential for therapeutic benefit.

Key Words:

• Artificial liver support
• bioartificial liver
• bridge-to-transplantation
• cell (hepatocyte) transplantation
• hepatocyte bioreactor
• isolated hepatocytes
• microencapsulation