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Abstract
Background: Gastric ulcer healing is mediated by various endogenous growth factors. In this experimental study the effect of locally and systemically applied recombinant human transforming growth factor beta 3 (rhTGF-β3) on gastric ulcer healing was investigated in the rat. Methods and Results: Gastric ulcers were induced with a cryoprobe, and ulcer healing was evaluated 7 days after local infiltration (0.5 μg, 1.0 μg, 2.5 μg, and 50 μg) or systemic (intravenous) application of TGF-β3 (500 μg/kg body weight). Compared with controls, a dose-dependent stimulation of ulcer healing (as evidenced by a reduction in ulcer size) was observed 7 days after local infiltration of TGF-β3 (1.0 μg, 2.5μg, and 50μg). Corresponding increases in the levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and intracellular TGF-β3 expression and a downregulation of the TGF-β type-II receptor expression were also observed in the granulation tissue of the ulcer margins. Systemic application of TGF-β3 produced effects similar to those observed after local treatment with 50μg of the compound. Conclusion: Local and systemic TGF-β3 treatment accelerates gastric ulcer healing in rats.