Epidemiology of Meningococcal Disease in Denmark 1980–1988

Abstract

Based on epidemiological data of notified cases of meningococcal disease (MD) in Denmark during the period 1980–88 the recommendations for prophylaxis are evaluated. In 1986 the incidence of MD increased about 60% to 5.5 per 100 000 population. The clinical diagnosis of MD was verified by culture of Neisseria meningitidis in 79% of notified cases. About 40% of all patients were < 4 years of age. The mortality in 1988 was found to be 10%. Serogroup B disease accounted for about 80% of the cases. Two co-primary and 28 secondary cases were registered. Two major outbreaks of serogroup C disease occurred in 1984 and 1986, respectively. In small clusters of 2–3 cases within socially well-defined groups the recommendations for prophylaxis are sufficient. But for the new pattern of clusters spread over months to years in certain geographical areas or open social groups, especially among teenagers, the existing recommendations are insufficient. The occurrence of localized clusters of serogroup B disease emphasises the need for a vaccine against serogroup B disease.