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Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 44, 2014 - Issue 2
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Research Article

Troglitazone metabolism and transporter effects in chimeric mice: a comparison between chimeric humanized and chimeric murinized FRG mice

, , , , , , , & show all
Pages 186-195 | Received 11 Nov 2013, Accepted 23 Dec 2013, Published online: 13 Jan 2014
 

Abstract

1. The biotransformation, hepatic transporter and blood chemistry effects of troglitazone were investigated following 7 days of dosing at 600 mg/kg/day to chimeric murinized or humanized FRG mice, Mo-FRG and Hu-FRG mice, respectively.

2. Clinical chemistry and histopathology analysis revealed a significant drop in humanization over the time course of the study for the Hu-FRG mice but no significant changes associated with troglitazone treatment in either the Mo-FRG or the Hu-FRG models. No changes in transporter expression in livers of these mice were observed. Oxidative and conjugative metabolic pathways were identified with a 15- to 18-fold increase in formation of troglitazone sulfate in the Hu-FRG mice compared with the Mo-FRG mice in blood and bile, respectively. This resembles the troglitazone metabolism in human and these data are comparable with the formation of this metabolite in the chimeric uPA+/+/SCID mice.

3. However, larger amounts of troglitazone glucuronide were also observed in the Hu-FRG mouse compared with the Mo-FRG mouse which may be an effect of the drop in humanization of the Hu-FRG mouse during the study.

4. Highly humanized mice have a considerable potential in providing a useful first insight into circulating human metabolites of candidate drugs metabolized in the liver.

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