Comparison of Aqueous Humor Nitric Oxide Levels After Different Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Methods

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Nitric oxide production can cause either apoptotic or necrotic cell death through oxidative stress. We aimed to investigate the nitrite oxide metabolites (NO_x) and nitrite levels in the aqueous humor of rabbit eyes after different methods of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL).

Materials and methods: Twenty-four eyes of 12 adult New Zealand rabbits were used. They were assigned into four groups, each including six eyes. Group 1 (control) consisted of eyes with no treatment. Group 2 received UV-A power setting at 3 mW/cm² for 30 minutes of continuous exposure and named as standard CXL group. Group 3 received UV-A power setting at 30 mW/cm² for 3 minutes of continuous exposure and named as accelerated CXL (A-CXL) group. Group 4 received UV-A power setting at 30 mW/cm² for 6 minutes of pulsed exposure (1 sec on, 1 sec off) and named as pulse-light accelerated CXL (PLA-CXL). Aqueous humors were aspirated from anterior chamber with a 27G needle after 1 hour UV-A exposure. NO_x and nitrite levels were measured

Results: The nitrite levels in aqueous humor were significantly increased in Group 2 and Group 3 when compared with Group 1 (p = 0.000, p = 0.036, respectively). When treatment modalities were compared with each other, high nitrite level in Group 2 was statistically significant when compared with Group 4 (p = 0.019). NO_x levels were higher in Group 2 when compared with Group 1 (p = 0.006).

Conclusions: Numerous studies investigated the physiological and pathophysiological roles of NO. NO is considered one of the most important molecule for ocular health. According to NO_x level in aqueous humor, it seems that PLA-CXL is the safest method due to the similar results with control group.

KEYWORDS:

• Aqueous humor
• corneal collagen cross-linking
• nitric oxide

Acknowledgments

This study was presented as a poster in 49th National Congress of Turkish Ophthalmology Society and rewarded as the best second poster in Istanbul, Turkey.

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.