Comparison of Naphcon-A and its components (naphazoline and pheniramine) in a provocative model of allergic conjunctivitis

Abstract

A double-masked, randomized, parallel group, placebo-controlled study demonstrated the efficacy of Naphcon-A (naphazoline HC1 0.025% and pheniramine maleate 0.3%). Seventy-two patients with a documented positive skin test or radioallergosorbent test were recruited. Three groups of 24 patients each received 1 drop of Naphcon-A instilled in one eye, and 1 drop of either naphazoline, pheniramine, or placebo in the other eye. After the instillation of test medication, a titrated dose of ragweed antigen was administered bilaterally, and ocular signs and symptoms were evaluated 10, 30, and 120 minutes later. All patients (excluding 4 who had persistent symptoms attributable to ragweed) were rechallenged with ragweed antigen at 120 minutes to assess the duration of action of the test medications. Naphcon-A was significantly more effective than placebo, naphazoline, and pheniramine in reducing redness. Naphcon-A and pheniramine were equally effective in relieving itching.

Key Words:

• Naphcon-A
• allergic conjunctivitis
• conjunctival allergen challenge (CAC)
• naphazoline
• pheniramine
• controlled clinical trial

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Robert J. Dockhorn

Joyce Laing works in the Department of Child and Family Psychiatry, Playfield House, Cupar, Fife, and is a Consultant Art Therapist to Psychiatric Hospitals and Prisons and Chairwoman of the Scottish Society of Art and Psychology.