Evaluation of Serum Interleukin-8 as a Marker of Disease Activity in Acute Asthma in Children

Abstract

Cytokine-mediated interactions among the inflammatory cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a major cytokine in the recruitment of neutrophils to the area of inflammation. Serum IL-8 is a marker of disease activity and treatment efficacy in bronchial asthma. To understand the role of IL-8 in disease activity in acute asthma, changes in serum concentrations of IL-8 elaborated by activated eosinophil before and after prednisolone therapy with clinical improvement were determined in the present study. Circulating levels of IL-8 in 15 normal control subjects and in sera from 20 allergic asthmatic children with acute exacerbation and in stable condition were determined by using commercially available assay kits. The mean concentration of serum IL-8 was statistically significantly higher in asthmatic children with acute exacerbation (63.62 ± 11.41 pg/mL) and in stable asthmatics (64.22 ± 10.31 pg/mL) compared to the control group subjects (50.40 ± 30.70 pg/mL; p < 0.01). However, the difference was not statistically significant between the acute exacerbation and stable asthmatics groups (p > 0.05). Serum IL-8 is a poor indicator of disease activity in acute asthma; therefore, monitoring by serum IL-8 concentration is of limited value. The clinical value of serum IL-8 as a marker of disease activity remains to be established.

Key Words:

• Acute asthma
• Interleukin-8
• Stable asthma
• Prednisolone therapy