The Effect of Palatoplasty on Airway Patency and Growth in Infants with clefts and Failure to Thrive

Abstract

We monitored respiratory patterns, transcutaneous PO₂ (tcPO₂) and transcutaneous PCO₂ (tcPO₂) in three infants with clefts and severe failure to thrive. Unexplained dysphagia, muscular weakness and cardiac enlargement were other prominent symptoms. During sleep, repeated obstructive apneas accompanied by significant hypoxemia (tcPO₂< 6 kPa) were recorded in all infants. Relief of the respiratory obstructions by means of nasopharyngeal intubation led to rapid growth catch-up and disappearance of the cardiac and gastrointestinal symptoms. This improvement in clinical condition was paralleled by an increase in transcutaneous PO₂. Palatal closure according to Veau-Wardill-Killner led to a marked decrease in the number of airway obstructions and a significant improvement in blood gas homeostasis. The clinical condition of the infants was equally improved. We suggest that a respiratory investigation should be performed in infants with clefts and poor growth in spite of adequate caloric intake. Early closure of the palate should be considered in infants with signs of a respiratory failure.

Key Words:

• cleft palate
• sleep apnea
• control of breathing
• infants
• hypoventilation