Hb Charlieu [α106(G13)Leu→Pro (α1)]: A New Phenotypically Silent Hemoglobin Variant Associated with a Mild α-Thalassemia Phenotype

Abstract

A chronic microcytosis and hypochromia without any iron deficiency were observed in an 11-year-old boy of French Caucasian origin. The same hematological findings were also found for his mother. No abnormal hemoglobin (Hb) was detected using isoelectric focusing, cation exchange liquid chromatography and reversed phase liquid chromatography of the globin chains but DNA sequencing revealed a CTG>CCG transition at codon 106 (Leu→Pro) of the α1-globin gene in both of them. As the α/β mRNA ratios, determined by reverse-transcriptase real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are not concordant with an α-thalassemia (α-thal) state, we hypothesize that the underlying physiopathologic mechanism is an assembling defect of the Hb Charlieu molecule, rather than an instability of the α^Charlieu mRNA. Moreover, genetic counseling and patient information are required in this family to prevent potentially severe α-thalassemias in following generations.

Keywords:

• Abnormal hemoglobin (Hb)
• α-Thalassemia (α-thal)
• Assembling defect
• Hemoglobin (Hb) instability