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Abstract
The present study documents the fabrication and characterization of a topically applicable gel loaded with nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) of adapalene (ADA) and vitamin C (ascorbyl-6-palmitate [AP]). The NLCs were prepared by high pressure homogenization (HPH) method followed by incorporation into AP loaded gel. The fabricated system was characterized for size, poly dispersity index, entrapment efficiency (EE) and in vitro drug release properties, and was further investigated for skin compliance, skin transport characteristics (skin permeation and bio-distribution), rheological behavior, texture profile analysis and anti-acne therapeutic potential against testosterone-induced acne in male Wistar rats. The NLC-based formulation improved targeting of the skin epidermal layer and reducing systemic penetration. The co-administration of vitamin C led to an adjunct effect in acne therapy in physiological conditions. In brief, the present results suggest the potential of NLCs as a novel carrier for the dermal delivery of ADA and also the synergistic effect of vitamin C in topical therapeutics.
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for the fellowship and grant provided by the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Human Resource Development Group (CSIR HRDG), New Delhi, India. The authors also show gratitude to Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (Nasik, India) for availing ADA as gift sample; Lipoid, Ludwigshafen, Germany for providing phospholipids as a gift.
Declaration of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Research involving Animals
The authors declare that all animal experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animals Ethical Committee, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India (ref. letter no. IAEC/346 dated 11.02.2013).
Supplementary material available online Supplementary Table S1
