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Original Article

Construction methods and materials for external prostheses — present and future

, &
Pages 72-78 | Published online: 28 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

Summary

In the first part of this paper the methods of constructing lower limb prostheses and their major components are discussed. Attention is paid to the foot, shank, knee joint, swing control, thigh, and hip joint. The second part is devoted to the use of thermoplastics in prosthetics and orthotics. Thermoplastics are polymers of varying chain length which can be moulded when heated. The properties of the various materials are discussed and their potential use described.

Résumé

La première partie de ce travail décrit les diverses méthodes de fabrication de prothèses des membres inférieurs et les éléments essentiels qui en font partie. On étudie successivement les problèmes au niveau du pied, de la cheville, du genou, de la cuisse et de la hanche ainsi que le contrôle du mouvement pendulaire. La deuxième partie de l'étude est consacrée à l'utilité des matériaux thermoplastiques dans la fabrication des prothèses et orthèses. Les substances thermo-plastiques sont des polymères à chaiˇnes variables qui se prětent facilement au moulage apres` avoir été chauffées. On décrit les propriétés de cette gamme de matériaux et les multiples possibilités de leur utilisation.

Zusammenfassung

Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit werden die Konstruktionsmethoden der Prothesen der unteren Extremitäten und ihre Hauptbestandteile diskutiert. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird dem Fuss, dem Unterschenkel, dem Kniegelenk, der Schwungkontrolle, dem Oberschenkel und der Hüfte gewidmet. Der zweite Teil ist dem Gebrauch thermoplastischen Materials in der Prothetik und Orthetik gewidmet. Thermoplastische Stoffe sind Polymere verschieden langer Ketten, die im warmen Zustand geformt werden können. Die Eigenschaften verschiedener Materialien werden diskutiert und ihr potentieller Nutzen beschrieben.

Resumen

En la primera parte de este trabajo se comentan los métodos de construir prótesis para las extremidades inferiores. Se presta atención al pie, canilla, articulacion de la rodilla, regulatión de las oscilaciones, muslo y articulación de la cadera. La segunda parte se dedica al empleo de termoplásticos en las prótesis y ortosis. Los termoplásticos son polímeros cuyas cadenas varían de longitud y que pueden moldearse cuando se calientan. Se comentan las propiedades de diversos materiales y se describe su uso potencial.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

R. M. Davies

It is with great sadness that we have to inform the readership of the Journal that shortly after completing the final editorial work on this Special Issue, Professor Kalman Jacob Mann was seriously injured in a car accident and subsequently died.

Professor Mann was responsible for establishing the two Hadassah Hospitals and Community Health Centres in Jerusalem and for the past 20 years headed the Presidium of Yad Sarah, Israel's largest community based, volunteer operated organization which provides a spectrum of free or nominal cost home care services nation-wide.

We offer our condolences to his family and friends, and trust that this Special Issue stands as a testament to his work in the field.

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