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Abstract
Two immobilized lipases from Candida antarctica have been compared for the direct esterification of tyrosol with oleic acid in equimolar conditions and in the absence of organic solvent. Candida antarctica lipase B was immobilized on octyl-silica agglomerates and compared with commercial Novozym 435. Reduction of tyrosol particle size to 0.1 mm significantly increased the reaction rate with both immobilized lipases, and reduced pressure improved the final tyrosyl oleate yield up to 95% (w/w) in both cases. Immobilized lipases were recovered and reutilized in three consecutive trials with negligible inactivation. Under optimum conditions, a product mixture comprising more than 95% of tyrosyl oleate (w/w) was attained in less than 2 hours. Finally, the index of antioxidant activity obtained, according to the Rancimat method, indicated that tyrosyl oleate was slightly more effective than tyrosol as an antioxidant in a low polar matrix.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by project AGL2008 - 05655 by Ministerio de Ciencia (Spain) and also by Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (ALIBIRD, project number S2009/AGR-1469) and Consolider-Ingenio FUN-C-FOOD (CSD2007 - 00063). Diana Martin thanks the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion and European Social Fund for funding her postdoctoral ‘Juan de la Cierva’ contract. A pre-doctoral fellowship for Oscar Fernandez (FPI Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación) is also acknowledged. Daniel Tenllado acknowledges his contract to Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (subprograma Torres Quevedo) co-financied by the European Social Fund.
Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.