The Significance of Autoantibodies in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Abstract

Lymphoproliferative diseases are the most common disorders associated with autoimmune disturbances. We determined the autoimmune phenotype of 64 non Hodgkin's lymphoma patients’ and compared their clinicopathologic properties. Serum direct antiglobulin test [(DAT) n=64], indirect antiglobulin test [(IAT) n=61], platelet autoantibodies [(PAA) n=51], anti nuclear antibodies [n=33], anti-native DNA [n=29], anti phospholipid antibodies [n=40] and, lupus anticoagulant [n=33] were used as autoimmune markers. Twenty five patients (39 %) displayed one or more autoimmune marker positivity (+). Three patients with (+) DAT and IAT had autoimmune hemolytic anemia and two patients with PAA had autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Male patients were more susceptible to autoimmunity in low grade lymphomas and the statistical difference was significant (p=0.035). Most of the autoimmune markers (+) patients had low grade and disseminated disease but this was not significant. Remission rates were not found to be different between autoimmune marker (+) and (-) patients. Although statistically not significant, median survival was longer in autoimmune marker (-) patients than in the others (50 versus 39 months). The significance of autoimmunity in NHL in a larger series of patients should be investigated in future studies.

Key Words:

• non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• direct antiglobulin test
• indirect antiglobulin test
• platelet autoantibodies
• anti nuclear antibodies
• anti-DNA
• anti phospholipid antibodies