Establishment of a Myeloid Cell Line, YM711, Characterized by Retinoid Resistance

Abstract

A myeloid cell line (YM711) was established by transfecting exogenous PML/RARα cDNA into peripheral blood stem cells. The cells were positive for CD33, CD34, CD38, CD13, CD14, and CD11b, Cytochemical examination revealed YM711 cells to be positive for peroxidase, α-naphtyl butyrate esterase, and acid phosphatase as well. Karyotypic analysis showed them to be nearly tetraploid (92 XXYY). Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that, although PML/RARα mRNA was detected in YM711, these cells could not be differentiated by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). We therefore designated the YM711 cell line as being ATRA resistant. Because YM711 expressed multi drug resistance 1 (MDR-1) mRNA and p-glycoprotein cell surface protein, we assessed whether verapamil and ATRA would induce the differentiation of YM711 cells; they did not. An increased expression of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP)-II was also detected on YM711 cells compared with that of HL-60. These results suggest that high level of expression of CRABP-II may contribute to be the mechanism of ATRA resistance. This cell line may be useful in evaluating the mechanism of resistance to retinoid.

Key Words:

• exogenous PML/RARα gene
• ATRA resistance
• MDR-I
• CRABP-II