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Abstract
During the last decade, several studies have evaluated the treatment of chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with a combination of interferon (IFN)-α and low-dose cytarabine (Ara-C). This combination therapy has been shown to be superior compared to monotherapy with IFN-α in randomized studies with regard to hematologic and cytogenetic remissions. However, the survival benefit is small, and the toxicity of the combination therapy is high. This paper reviews the published studies on IFN-α/low-dose Ara-C for the treatment of chronic phase CML and discusses the value of the combination therapy.