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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Psychosocial Factors in Adolescent Nicotine Dependence Symptoms: A Sample of High School Juniors Who Smoke Daily

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Pages 640-648 | Published online: 12 Mar 2012
 

Abstract

Cross-sectionally examined seven theory-guided psychosocial factors associated with nicotine dependence symptoms in a representative self-report survey of 794 Washington State high school junior daily smokers (93% participation). Outcomes were four nicotine dependence symptoms. Results showed that low self-efficacy for quitting smoking and being around adults who smoke were associated with a 3.48–10.35 and a 1.47–1.77 times higher odds, respectively, of each of the four nicotine dependence symptoms. These results, needing replication in a longitudinal study, suggest that interventions designed to enhance self-efficacy to quit smoking and counter adult smoking influences might reduce adolescent nicotine dependence.

RÉSUMÉ

Cette étude porte sur sept facteurs psychosociaux basés sur la théorie et transversalement examinés associés aux symptomes de la dépendance de la nicotine réalisés dans une enquête représentative votontaire comprenant 794 étudiants de collège de l’état de Washington qui fument quotidiennement (la participation étant de 93%). Les résultats concernent quatre symptomes de dépendance à la nicotine. Les résultats montrent qu'une propension faible à s'arrêter soi-même de fumer ainsi que le fait d’être entouré d'adultes qui fument sont associés à des risques de 3.48 à 10.35 fois et de 1,47 à 1,77 fois plus élevés, respectivement pour chacun des quatre symptomes de dépendance à la nicotine. Ces résultats, qui nécessitent une reproduction dans une étude logitulinale, suggèrent que les interventions afin d'accroître l’éfficacité à s'arrêter soi-même de fumer et de contrecarrer les influences des adultes qui fument pourraient réduire la dépendance de la nicotine chez les adolescents.

RESUMEN

Siete factores psicosociales basados en la teoría, asociados con los síntomas de dependencia a la nicotina, se examinaron transversalmente en una encuesta representativa de 794 fumadores diarios estudiantes de instituto (participación de un 93%). Se evaluaron cuatro síntomas de dependencia a la nicotina. Los resultados mostraron que una baja auto-eficacia para dejar de fumar y estar rodeado de adultos que fuman se asocio con una mayor probabilidad de cada uno de los cuatro síntomas de dependencia a la nicotina, respectivamente con un 3.48 a 10.35 y un 1.47 a 1.77. Estos resultados, que necesitan replicarse en un estudio longitudinal, sugieren que las intervenciones que aumentan la auto-eficacia para dejar de fumar y contrarían la influencia de los fumadores adultos pueden reducir la dependencia de los adolescentes a la nicotina.

THE AUTHORS

Jonathan B. Bricker, Ph.D., is a clinical psychologist in the faculty at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center's Division of Public Health Sciences and University of Washington's Department of Psychology. His research expertise is in theory-based psychological investigations of why people smoke and testing psychological interventions to help them quit.

Jingmin Liu, MS, is a statistician at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. Her research focus is on experimental design, applying proven statistical methods to research and clinical settings.

Madelaine Ramey, Ph.D., is a retired research psychologist. While at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, she helped investigate antecedents, mediators, and moderators of youth smoking. She currently writes and paints landscapes.

Arthur V. Peterson, Ph.D., is a biostatistician in the faculty at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center's Division of Public Health Sciences and University of Washington's Department of Biostatistics. His tobacco control research focuses on youth smoking prevention and cessation. His statistical research expertise is in survival data methodology, competing risks, and design and analysis of group-randomized trials.

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