Office hysteroscopic findings in patients with two, three, and four or more, consecutive miscarriages

ABSTRACT

Objectives To assess hysteroscopic findings in patients with two, three, and four or more, consecutive miscarriages, and to compare the prevalence of uterine abnormalities between women with different numbers of such miscarriages.

Methods Two hundred and sixty-five women with two or more consecutive miscarriages were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into three groups according to the number of their miscarriages: Group 1 (two miscarriages, n = 151), Group 2 (three miscariages, n = 69), and Group 3 (four or more miscarriages, n = 45). All participants underwent a diagnostic hysteroscopy. Congenital (arcuate uterus, septate uterus, unicornuate uterus) and acquired uterine abnormalities (intrauterine adhesions, polyp and submucous myoma) were recorded. The hysteroscopic results were compared between the groups.

Results No anomalies were detected in 152 patients (57%), whereas 43 (16%) had a septate uterus, 30 (11%) an arcuate uterus, three (1%) a unicornuate uterus, 18 (7%) intrauterine adhesions, 17 (6 %) endometrial polyps, and two (1%) a submucous myoma. No significant differences were found between the groups with regard to either congenital or acquired uterine abnormalities.

Conclusions Patients with two, three, and four or more consecutive miscarriages have a similar prevalence of uterine anatomical abnormalities. Diagnostic hysteroscopy should be carried out after two such miscarriages.

KEYWORDS:

• Hysteroscopy
• Recurrent miscarriage
• Recurrent pregnancy loss
• Uterine anomalies

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and the writing of the paper.