Abstract
Majocchi's granuloma (MG) is a well-recognized but uncommon infection of dermal and subcutaneous tissues that is caused by mold fungi. Although primarily caused by keratinophilic dermatophytes such as anthropophilic Trichophyton rubrum, species from the Aspergillus and Phoma genera have been occasionally detected as etiologic agents of MG. In both healthy individuals and immunocompromised hosts, MG often presents as nodules, plaques, and papules on areas that are prone to trauma. Although MG generally appears on the upper and lower extremities (forearms, hands, legs, or ankles), it occasionally appears on the scalp and face. The clinical, mycologic, and/or cytologic diagnosis should be confirmed by the demonstration of perifollicular granulomatous inflammation by histologic examination. This review focuses on the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnostic methods (including the Tzanck smear test), etiologic agents, histopathologic characteristics, and therapeutic approaches to the treatment of MG.
Acknowledgements
This study is dedicated to our leader and dear friend, Professor Süleyha Hilmioğlu-Polat, an outstanding researcher and highly distinguished clinical mycologist whose spirit touched all and who completely devoted her life to a large number of graduate and undergraduate students and mycologists in Turkey.
Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and the writing of the paper.
This paper was first published online on Early Online on 23 March 2012.