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Research Article

Audiogram configurations among older adults: Prevalence and relation to self-reported hearing problems

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Pages 793-801 | Received 28 Dec 2010, Accepted 23 May 2011, Published online: 15 Sep 2011
 

Abstract

Abstract

Objective: There are only a few population-based epidemiological studies on audiogram configurations among adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of different audiogram configurations among older adults. In addition, audiogram configurations among subjects reporting hearing problems were examined. Design: Cross-sectional, population-based, unscreened epidemiological study among older adults. Study sample: The subjects (n = 850), aged 54–66 years, were randomly sampled from the population register. A questionnaire survey, an otological examination, and pure-tone audiometry were performed. Results: The most prevalent audiogram configuration among men was high-frequency steeply sloping (65.3% left ear, 51.2% right ear) and among women, high-frequency gently sloping (33.0% left ear, 31.5% right ear). There were significantly more flat configurations among women than among men. Unclassified audiograms were common especially among women (17.5%). Subjects reporting hearing difficulties, difficulties in following conversation in noise, or tinnitus, more often had a high-frequency steeply sloping configuration than those not reporting. Conclusions: High-frequency sloping audiogram configurations were common among older adults, and a high-frequency steeply sloping configuration was common among those reporting hearing problems.

Sumario

Objetivo: Existen pocos estudios epidemiológicos poblacionales sobre la configuración de los audiogramas en adultos. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia de diferentes configuraciones audiométricas entre los adultos mayores. Además se examinaron las configuraciones audiométricas de los sujetos que reportaban problemas auditivos. Diseño: Estudio epidemiológico transversal basado en población no tamizada entre adultos mayores. Muestra: Los sujetos (n = 850), con edades entre 54 y 66 años fueron escogidos al azar de un registro poblacional. Se les aplicó un cuestionario y se realizó un examen otológico y una audiometría tonal. Resultados: la configuración audiométrica más prevalente en hombres fue la de caída abrupta en frecuencias agudas (65.3% oído izquierdo, 51.2% oído derecho) y entre las mujeres fue la caída suave en frecuencias agudas (33% oído izquierdo y 31.5% oído derecho). La configuración plana fue significativamente más frecuente en mujeres que en hombres. Los audiogramas no clasificados fueron comunes, especialmente entre las mujeres (17.5%). Los sujetos que reportaban dificultades auditivas, dificultad para seguir una conversación en ruido o acúfeno presentaban con mayor frecuencia una caída abrupta en frecuencias agudas que aquellos que no lo reportaban. Conclusiones: Las configuraciones audiométricas con caída abrupta en frecuencias agudas fueron más comunes entre quienes reportaron problemas auditivos.

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the European ARHI Project (QLRT-2001-00331). The authors would like to express their gratitude to the ARHI partners. We would also like to thank the staff of the Hearing Centre of the Oulu University Hospital and other staff that helped us to conduct the project.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no declarations of interest.

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