A Nomograph for Calculating the Optimal Frequency for Dielectrophoresis and the Characteristic Frequency of the β-Dispersion of Cell Membrane Vesicles

Abstract

The first stage of the two-stage cell electrofusion technique involves the dielectrophoretic apposition, in an AC field, of protoplasts suspended in a medium of relatively low specific conductivity. A frequency at which the maximum dielectrophoretic force is exerted is given by the characteristic frequency for the dielectric relaxation by a Maxwell-Wagner type of mechanism. We provide a nomograph for the rapid calculation of this frequency.