Abnormal Origin of one Pulmonary Artery from the Ascending Aorta–Embryologic Considerations

ABSTRACT

Anomalous origin of one of the pulmonary arteries from the aorta is unusual. The reported morbidity and mortality is mostly due to early onset vascular disease. Early surgical intervention has significantly improved outcomes. The diagnosis of this abnormality is challenging. The nomenclature used is inconsistent. Familiarity with this abnormality and consistent use of definitions and classifications is mandatory. An attempt is made to clarify misleading inconsistencies. An older ontogenetic theory is revisited.

Keywords:

• Abnormal origin of the pulmonary artery; conotruncal septation; cardiac embryology; congenital heart disease; Tetralogy of Fallot; pediatric

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.