Multiple-Dose Activated Charcoal: A Review of Relevant Clinical Studies

Abstract

Although many studies in animals and volunteers have demonstrated that multiple-dose activated charcoal increases drug elimination significantly, this therapy has not been shown in a controlled study in poisoned patients to reduce morbidity and mortality. Further clinical studies are required to establish its role and the optimum dosage regimen of charcoal to be administered. Based on current evidence, multiple-dose activated charcoal should only be considered if a patient has ingested a life-threatening amount ofphenobarbital (phenobarbitone), carbamazepine, theophylline, quinine, dapsone or salicylate. In all of these cases there are data to confirm enhanced elimination, though no controlled studies have demonstrated clinical benefit.

Key Words:

• activated charcoal
• multiple-dose activated charcoal
• vhenobarbital
• phenobarbitone
• carbamazepine
• theophylline
• salicylate
• quinine
• dapsone