Angiographic no-reflow and six-month mortality in elderly (≥ 75 years old) Asian patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A single center experience from 1998 to 2007

Abstract

Background: We sought to report the incidence of angiographic no-reflow and clinical outcomes of elderly patients who have undergone primary percutaneous coronary intervention at a tertiary institution in Singapore over a period of 10 years. Methods: A total of 141 patients (60% male) aged 75 or above underwent primary PCI between 1998 and 2007. Their average age was 80±5 years. Cardiogenic shock complicating STEMI on presentation accounted for 15% of the patients. Results: At baseline, 103 (73%) patients have impaired TIMI flow grade (TIMI 0–2), and 38 (27%) have normal flow (TIMI 3). At the end of the procedure, 44 (31.2%) patients had no-reflow phenomenon (TIMI 0–2), whereas 97 (68.8%) achieved normal antegrade flow. Post-procedure corrected TIMI frame count was analyzable in 66% (n=93) of the patients. Post-procedure corrected TIMI frame count was>28 in 37.6% (n=35) of patients. In-hospital, 30-day and six-month mortalities were 20.6, 25.5% and 27.7%, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that age 80 or above, low systolic blood pressure and final TIMI 0–2 flow independently predicted six-month mortality. Conclusions: We found that one-third of the treated patients developed no-reflow phenomenon. Six-month mortality was 27.7%, most were cardiac deaths that occurred during index hospitalization.

Key Words::

• No-reflow
• elderly
• myocardial infarction
• percutaneous coronary intervention

Acknowledgement

The authors are indebted to the Publication Support Unit of the National University Hospital, Singapore for the assistance in preparation of the manuscript.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.