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Research Article

Communication deficits in babies and infants with autism and pervasive developmental disorder–not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)

& , PhD
Pages 390-398 | Received 09 Jun 2010, Accepted 11 Jun 2010, Published online: 01 Oct 2010
 

Abstract

Objective: To investigate if, and in what ways, communication impairments are present in toddlers (17–37 months) diagnosed with autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorder–Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS).

Methods: Study 1—The scores of 20 toddlers with autism or PDD-NOS (i.e. ASD group) were compared to those of 20 typically-developing infants on the Communication sub-scale of the Baby and Infant Screen for Children with aUtIsm Traits (BISCUIT)–Part 1. Study 2—These same scores were compared between 660 toddlers who fell into three groups: autism, PDD-NOS and non-ASD-related developmentally delayed.

Results: Infants with an ASD exhibited greater communication impairments than did typically-developing infants overall and on all items. Additionally, significant differences were found in overall communication impairments and the majority of individual items between all three groups in Study 2.

Conclusions: Significant communication impairments are present in toddlers diagnosed with autism and PDD-NOS before 37 months.

Objetivo: Investigar si, y en qué manera, existen deficiencias en la comunicación en niños pequeños (17–37 meses) diagnosticados con autismo y trastorno generalizado del desarrollo no especificado (PDD-NOS).

Métodos: Estudio 1 – Se compararon las calificaciones de 20 niños pequeños con autismo o PDD-NOS contra la de 20 lactantes con desarrollo típico en la sub-escala de comunicación del Baby and Infant Screen for Children with aUtIsm Traits (BISCUIT) – Parte 1. Estudio 2—Estas mismas calificaciones fueron comparadas entre 660 niños pequeños clasificados en tres grupos: autismo, PDD-NOS y retraso del desarrollo no relacionado a ASD.

Resultados: Los lactantes con ASD mostraron mayores deficiencias en la comunicación en todos los incisos, que los niños con desarrollo típico. Además, se encontraron importantes diferencias en todas las deficiencias en la comunicación y en la mayoría de los incisos individuales entre los grupos en el estudio 2.

Conclusiones: Hay importantes alteraciones en la comunicación en niños menores diagnosticados con autismo y PDD-NOS antes de los 37 meses.

Palabras clave: trastornos del espectro autista, comunicación, lactantes, niños pequeños

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