Gastrointestinal Transit in an Animal Model of Human Diabetes Type 2: Relationship to gut neuroendocrine peptide contents

Abstract

Gastrointestinal transit (GIT) was determined in obese diabetic mice (ob/ob, Umea/Bom). Blood glucose level, and insulin concentration in the serum and pancreas extracts as well as neuroendocrine peptide contents were measured in several segments of the gut. GIT was significantly slower in the obese diabetic mice, but was not correlated with the blood glucose level, serum insulin, or pancreatic insulin content. GIT was correlated with duodenal secretin content and colonic vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) content, but not with the content of other neuroendocrine peptides in different segments investigated. The antral gastrin content in obese diabetic mice was significantly higher than in controls. The concentration of secretin in obese diabetic mice was higher than in controls. Whereas the contents of peptide YY (PYY) and somatostatin were higher in obese diabetic mice, the contents of substance P and VIP were lower. The increased content of duodenal secretin and decreased content of colonic VIP may be among the factors that cause slow GIT in obese diabetic mice. The changes in the colonic contents of PYY, VIP and somatostatin may cause low intestinal secretion and, together with slow GIT, give rise to constipation, which is a common symptom in diabetes.