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Abstract
It is shown, by a practical example, how Gran's graphical method can be applied to an emf titration of a sea water sample with acid. From a single emf titration one may determine both the total alkalinity, At, and the total carbonate concentration, Ct. These quantities, if expressed in the unit Mw = mole/kg sea water, are both independent of p and T of the sample in situ and during the titration, which is an advantage in comparison with the traditional determination of pH only, or of pH and At.
The use of normalized values An and Cn, referred to a normal total halogenide concentration Xn, is suggested; An seems more convenient than the specific alkalinity used earlier. By studies of the variation of At and Ct with space and time one might follow chemical changes in a sea water mass, especially dissolution of, or losses of, CaCO3 and CO2, and ion exchange with clay minerals.
