Review for Hospitalists: Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Abstract

Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common and potentially life-threatening disease; however, the clinical presentation of acute PE can be quite variable, making the diagnosis a challenge. Occlusion of the pulmonary arterial bed can lead to gas exchange abnormalities or right ventricular dysfunction. Mortality rates are high but can be reduced when prompt suspicion leads to accurate diagnosis and treatment. Management includes timely initiation of anticoagulation therapy. The objective of this article is to provide a broad overview of acute PE epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, risk stratification, and management.

Keywords:

• pulmonary embolism
• PE
• venous thromboembolism
• ventilation/perfusion scan
• V/Q scan
• computed tomography angiography
• CTA