Clinical Practice Guidelines for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review

Abstract

The prevalence and public health importance of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as its impact on public health has led various groups to develop clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Clinical practice guidelines are systematically developed statements designed to assist practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances. In this article, we review 9 CPGs, including their development process, the recommendation of specific clinical actions, and advocacy of recommendations based on limited evidence. Despite the differences between these CPGs for ADHD, they appear to be complementary and not inconsistent. The CPGs all recommend: a structured approach to diagnosis and treatment; attention to psychiatric comorbidity and other ADHD-related conflicts during an individual's lifespan; consideration of medication (usually stimulants) and psychosocial therapies; and follow-up and monitoring of patient response. A patient-centered approach is also recommended in the evaluation and treatment of ADHD, although it is less evidence based than recommended therapies.

Keywords:

• ADHD
• clinical practice guidelines
• treatment
• stimulants