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The Physician and Sportsmedicine Volume 27, 1999 - Issue 6
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Original Articles

Exercise, Immunity, and Susceptibility to Infection

A J-Shaped Relationship?

Roy J. Shephard Dr Shephard is a professor emeritus of applied physiology in the Faculty of Physical Education and Health at the University of Toronto and visiting scientist at the Defence and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine in Toronto. He is a fellow and past president of the American College of Sports Medicine.Correspondence[email protected]
, MD, PhD, DPE,
Pang N. Shek Dr Shek is head of the section of operational medicine at the Defence and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine.
, PhD &
Nicholas A. DiNubile Dr DiNubile is an orthopedic surgeon in private practice in Havertown, Pennsylvania, the director of Sports Medicine and Wellness at the Crozer-Keystone Healthplex in Springfield, Pennsylvania, and a member of the editorial board of THE PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE.
, MD (Series Editor)
Pages 47-71 | Published online: 19 Jun 2015
 
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Abstract

Regular, moderate exercise enhances immune function and attenuates immune disturbances associated with acute exercise (ie, a single bout of vigorous exercise). Epidemiologic data suggest that vigorous exercise may temporarily reduce resistance to viral infection. However, objective data do not clearly show a J-shaped dose-response relationship between exercise and immune function. Nutritional, hygienic, exercise, environmental, and pharmacologic strategies can minimize the risk of infection. Persons who have systemic symptoms should avoid competition and heavy training.

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