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Original Articles

Investigation of volatile organic compound (VOC) emission in oil terminal storage tank parks

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Pages 81-88 | Received 04 Dec 2008, Accepted 02 Feb 2009, Published online: 14 Oct 2010
 

Abstract

The problem of VOC volatilization into the atmosphere from oil terminals is discussed in the paper. Investigation of VOC concentration in an oil terminal was performed in characterized spots of the main pollutant concentration ‐ in storage tank parks of light and heavy oil products. A complex analysis of the impact of meteorological elements, oil‐product‐storage tank construction, the level of filling storage tanks with oil products on the emissions of VOCs in oil terminals and adjacent territories is provided in the paper. The dependence of VOC concentration on the following parameters of the construction of storage tanks was analysed: the capacity of storage tanks, the insulation between the wall of a storage tank and peculiarities of the pontoon construction (single, double, triple insulation). The results of the investigation may be applied for the development and improvement of the VOC calculation method (LAND 31–2007/M‐11), reduction of VOC emissions in the existing oil terminals and when developing new ones.

Santrauka

Analizuojama svarbi aplinkosaugine problema ‐ oro tarša lakiaisiais organiniais junginiais (LOJ) naftos terminaluose. Šio darbo tyrimo objektas yra AB „Klaipedos nafta” terminalas, teikiantis naftos produktu tranzito paslaugas. Svarbu pažymeti, kad pagal technines ir technologines charakteristikas šis terminalas yra analogiškas kitiems terminalams pasaulyje. Taigi siūloma tyrimo planavimo bei eksperimento rezultatu analizes schema gali būti taikoma analogiškuose kitu terminalu tyrimuose.

Šio tyrimo tikslas ‐ atlikti LOJ koncentracijos tyrimo naftos terminalo talpyklu parkuose analize ‐ ivertinti produkto rūši (šviesieji/tamsieji naftos produktai), talpyklose laikomo naftos produkto lygi, talpyklu konstrukcinius ypatumus (talpyklu tūri, sandarinimo sistemas (viengubasis, dvigubasis, plūdrusis pontonas)) bei meteorologines salygas.

Tyrimo rezultatai parode, kad LOJ emisija galima sumažinti irengiant talpyklose vidinius plūdriuosius ekranus su žiedi‐nemis sandarinimo sistemomis. Kuo daugiau prevenciniu priemoniu, tuo labiau sumažinama LOJ emisija iš talpyklu. Pavyzdžiui, nevykdant krovos operacijos, LOJ koncentracija ties LOP‐5 A, B talpyklu vakuuminiais vožtuvais vidu‐tiniškai sieke 3 mg/m3. Šiose talpyklose irengti plūdrieji ekranai ir viengubosios žiedines sandarinimo sistemos. Nevyk‐dant krovos operacijos, LOJ koncentracija ties HOP‐5 3–6 talpyklu alsuokliais sieke 1375 mg/m3. Šios talpyklos yra tik su nuostoviaisiais stogais.

Iš kompleksines gautu rezultatu analizes aiškeja, kaip pasiekti, kad LOJ emisija naftos terminalu talpyklu parkuose būtu mažesne. Šio tyrimo rezultatai gali būti panaudoti LAND 31–2007/M‐11 metodikai tobulinti, kai LOJ emisijos dydis vertinamas ne tik pagal atliekamos operacijos rūši, bet ir pagal talpyklose irengtu sandarinimo priemoniu kieki ir rūši.

Keywords:

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