Deposition of petroleum hydrocarbons with sediment trapped in snow in roadside areas

Abstract

Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) deposition rates were determined along various roads using the natural snow cover as deposition trap. Daily deposition rates decreased with distance from the roads, which coincided with long-term TPH accumulation in roadside soils. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) of the snow meltwater sediment revealed occurrence of carbon-rich plaques, which were identified as hydrocarbons using FTIR-microscopy. GC-MS revealed that the compounds extracted from the sediment consisted of an unresolved complex hydrocarbon mixture (UCM). Individual n-alkanes could not be resolved in the sediment extract, whereas TPHs extracted from soils contained a series of n-alkanes peaking at C25-C27. The proportion of UCM compounds from TPHs decreased with distance from road. We conclude that high-boiling hydrocarbons bind to coarse mineral dust and/or to splash water and vehicle spray, which preferentially deposit within a 10 m roadside strip.

Keywords:

• vehicle spray
• unresolved complex hydrocarbon mixture
• n-alkanes
• dust deposition
• soil contamination

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Larysa Mykhailova

Larysa MYKHAILOVA is a PhD student of the Chair of Ecology of the Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University.

Thomas Fischer

Thomas FISCHER is a Doctor of Natural Sciences, Soil Scientist focussing on ecohydrology, microbial ecology, initial ecosystem development, as well as analytical and forensic chemistry. He is the Director of the Central Analytical Laboratory of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg.

Valentina Iurchenko

Valentina IURCHENKO is a Doctor of Technical Sciences, Microbiologist, Hydro-Biologist and Ecologist, Professor of the Chair of Ecology of the Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Head of the Chair of Life Safety & Environmental Engineering of the Kharkiv National University of Construction and Architecture.