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Original Articles

Neural networks and their application in credit risk assessment. Evidence from the Romanian market

Neuroniniai tinklai ir jų taikymas kredito rizikai vertinti rumunijos rinkos pavyzdžiu

Pages 519-534 | Received 14 Mar 2011, Accepted 21 Jun 2011, Published online: 04 Oct 2011
 

Abstract.

The purpose of this article is to see how neural networks are used in credit risk assessment problems. For this, we firstly introduce the main theoretical concepts of the neural calculus, as well as the fundaments for the main training algorithm: the error back-propagation algorithm. We review the specialty literature and find that the neural networks yield better results than other classification techniques, like multivariate discriminant analysis or logistic regression, when applying them in credit risk assessment problems. We focus on a few types of networks: feed-forward networks with multiple layers, fuzzy adaptive networks, support vector machines. We develop an analysis on Romanian Small and Medium Enterprises (financial ratios) and the results are in line with the findings from the literature: the neural networks give better results than the logistic regression. The study can be developed by analyzing a support vector machine or a fuzzy adaptive network.

Santrauka.

Šio straipsnio tikslas – parodyti, kaip neuroniniai tinklai yra naudojami kredito rizikos vertinimo problemoms spręsti. Iš pradžių pristatoma pagrindinė teorinė koncepcija, paskui – pagrindinis algoritmas. Literatūros analizė atskleidė, kad sprendžiant kredito rizikos vertinimo problemas neuroniniai tinklai duoda objektyvesnius rezultatus už kitus klasifikacijos metodus, t. y. daugiamatę diskriminantinę analizę arba logistinę regresiją. Dėmesys sutelkiamas į kelių tipų neuroninius tinklus: daugiasluoksnius, prisitaikančius ir vektorinius. Atlikta Rumunijos mažų ir vidutinių įmonių finansinių rodiklių analizė ir gauti rezultatai patvirtino prielaidą, kad neuroniniai tinklai duoda objektyvesnį rezultatą už logistinę regresiją.

JEL Classification::

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