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Original Articles

Pollen substitutes increase honey bee haemolymph protein levels as much as or more than does pollen

Los substitutos del polen incrementan los niveles de proteína en la hemolinfa de la abeja melífera igual o más que el polen

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Pages 34-37 | Received 21 Feb 2008, Accepted 04 Sep 2008, Published online: 02 Apr 2015
 

Summary

Adequate substitutes for pollen are necessary for maintaining healthy bee colonies during periods of pollen dearth, but testing them objectively is both time consuming and expensive. We compared two commercial diets with bee collected pollen and acacia pod flour (used by beekeepers in some parts of Brazil) by measuring their effect on haemolymph protein contents of young bees exclusively fed on these diets, which is a fast and inexpensive assay. The commercial diets included a new, non-soy-based, pollen substitute diet (named Feed-Bee®) and a soy-based diet, named Bee-Pro®. The diets were each given in patty form to groups of 100 Africanized honey bees in hoarding cages, maintained and fed from emergence until six days of age. Sucrose, in the form of sugar syrup, was used as a protein free control. Feed-Bee®, Bee-Pro®, pollen and acacia pod flour diets increased protein titers in the haemolymph by factors of 2.65, 2.51, 1.76 and 1.69, respectively, over protein titers in bees fed only sucrose solution. The bees fed Feed-Bee® and Bee-Pro® had their haemolymph significantly enriched in protein compared to the controls and those fed acacia pod flour and to titers slightly higher than those fed pollen. All four proteinaceous diets were significantly superior to sucrose alone.

Resumen

Los substitutos del polen son necesarios para mantener saludable a la colonia de abeja durante períodos de escasez del polen, pero en los estudios con estos substitutos suele invertirse mucho tiempo y son costosos. Comparamos dos dietas comerciales con polen y una harina de vainas de Acacia (utilizada por apicultores en algunas regiones de Brasil), midiendo su efecto sobre los contenidos proteínicos de la hemolinfa de abejas jóvenes alimentadas exclusivamente con estas dietas, una prueba rápida y barata. A las dietas comerciales, se le incluyó un nuevo substituto de polen, no basado en soja (conocido comercialmente como Feed-Bee®) y una dieta a base de soja, conocida como Bee-Pro®. Cada dieta se aplicó en forma de tarta a grupos de 100 abejas africanizadas en jaulas de observación, a partir de su emergencia hasta los seis días de edad. La sucrosa en jarabe de azúcar, fue utilizada como dieta control sin proteína. Las dietas con el Feed-Bee®, el Bee-Pro®, el polen y la harina de vainas de Acacia incrementaron los valores de proteína en la hemolinfa por factores de 2,65, 2,51, 1,76 y 1,69, respectivamente, con respecto a los valores de proteína en las abejas alimentadas solamente con jarabe de sucrosa. Las abejas que fueron alimentadas con Feed-Bee® y Bee-Pro® presentaron en su hemolinfa un significativo enriquecimiento de proteína comparada con las del grupo control y valores ligeramente más altos que aquellas alimentadas con polen.

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