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Original Articles

Phylogenetic comparison of bacteria isolated from the honey stomachs of honey bees Apis mellifera and bumble bees Bombus spp.

Comparación filogenética de bacterias aisladas del estómago de la miel de abejas Apis mellifera y abejorros Bombus spp.

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Pages 233-237 | Received 03 Dec 2008, Accepted 24 Jul 2009, Published online: 02 Apr 2015
 

Summary

It has recently been discovered that the honey bee Apis mellifera has a large flora of symbiotic lactic acid bacteria in its honey stomach, belonging to the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. It appears that the flora may protect the honey bees, their larvae and their food against harmful microorganisms. Since bumble bees (Bombus spp.) are related to honey bees and have a honey stomach where they store nectar during their flight we investigated whether their honey stomachs also contain symbiotic lactic acid bacteria. Bacterial isolates cultivated from both the surface and from the honey stomachs of bumble bees were identified using 16S rRNA gene analyzes. The results showed that bumble bees also possess lactic acid bacteria in their honey stomachs but in fewer phylotypes and only belonging to the genus Lactobacillus. In contrast to honey bees, bumble bees do not produce honey or bee bread but feed their larvae directly with nectar and pollen, and their society does not survive the winter in temperate climates. It was therefore concluded that bumble bees have less need than honey bees of an extensive lactic acid bacterial flora.

Resumen

Recientemente se ha descubierto que la abeja Apis mellifera tiene una gran flora de bacterias simbióticas del ácido láctico en su estómago de la miel, pertenecientes a los géneros Latobacillus y Bifidobacterium. Parece que la flora protege a las abejas, a sus larvas y a su comida de microorganismos peligrosos. Como los abejorros (Bombus spp) están relacionados con las abejas y tienen estómago de la miel donde conservan néctar durante sus vuelos, investigamos si sus estómagos de la miel contienen también bacterias simbióticas del ácido láctico. Se identificaron cultivos bacterianos aislados de la superficie y del estómago de la miel de abejorros mediante análisis del gen ribosomal ARNr 16S. Los resultados mostraron que los abejorros también poseen bacterias del ácido láctico en su estómago de la miel pero pocos filotipos y pertenecientes únicamente al género Lactobacillus. Al contrario que las abejas, los abejorros no producen miel o pan de abeja si no que alimentan directamente a sus larvas con néctar y polen, y sus sociedades no sobreviven al invierno en climas templados, Por tanto se concluye que los abejorros tienen menor necesidad que las abejas de una extensa flora bacteriana del ácido láctico.

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