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Original Articles

Characterization of four typical honeys from highly diverse tropical ecosystems

Caracterización de cuatro tipos de mieles provenientes de muy diversos ecosistemas tropicales

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Pages 24-34 | Received 05 Nov 2011, Accepted 06 Sep 2012, Published online: 02 Apr 2015
 

Summary

Studies characterizing typical honeys are carried out with the goal of establishing standards for marketing. In the case of tropical honeys, few studies exist which allow for establishing a typology and popularizing these honeys, partly because the diversity of tropical ecosystems makes it difficult to obtain typical honeys. We have initiated a search for typical honeys in Mexico and Guatemala, and we evaluate the possibility of characterizing them. The types of honey studied were: campanita or campanilla (Ipomoea purpurea), mantequilla or acahual (complex of Asteraceae), hevea (Hevea brasiliensis), and laurel (Cordia alliodora). We determined the principal physico-chemical and sensory characteristics and validated physico-chemical differences through a multivariate analysis, which demonstrated that the parameters explaining the differences were electrical conductivity, free and total acidity, and pH. We defined the botanical origin of each type of honey by this principal pollen and identified whether it was floral or extrafloral.

Resumen

Los estudios de caracterización de miel se llevan acabo con la finalidad de establecer estándares para el mercado. En el caso de las mieles tropicales existen pocos estudios que lleven al establecimiento de una tipología y que popularicen a estás mieles, particularmente porque la diversidad de los ecosistemas tropicales hace difícil la obtención de mieles típicas. Nosotros iniciamos una investigación para mieles tropicales de México y Guatemala, para evaluar la posibilidad de caracterizarlas. Los tipos de miel estudiados fueron: campanita o campanilla (Ipomoea purpureé), mantequilla o acahual (complejo de Asteraceae), hevea (Hevea brasiliensis) y laurel (Cordia alliodora). Determinamos las principales características físico-químicas y sensoriales. Validamos las diferencias físico-químicas a través de un análisis multivariado, mostrando que los parámetros que explican las diferencias entre estás mieles fueron la conductividad eléctrica, acidez libre y total y el pH. Definimos el origen botánico de algunas de estas mieles por su polen principal e identificamos si eran florales o extraflorales.

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