Analytical Techniques for Monitoring of Toluene and Xylene Exposure Biomarkers Hippuric Acid and Methylhippuric Acid in Human Urine Samples

Abstract

Quantification of hippuric acid and methylhippuric acid in human urine matrices provides information on the toluene and xylene exposure conditions. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV detection is the preferable technique for hippuric acid and methylhippuric acid detection in human urine. This study was conducted to present analytical techniques developed for monitoring of hippuric acid and methylhippuric acid in human urine matrices during 2016–2021.

Keywords::

• analytical techniques
• hippuric acid
• methyl hippuric acid
• toluene
• urine
• xylene

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The authors would like to thank the Hangzhou Foundation for Development of Science and Technology (no. 20181228Y28) and Hangzhou medical and health science and technology project (nos 0020190983 and A20210491) for their financial support. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.