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Abstract
Left ventricle hypertrophy is induced by a number of stimuli and can lead to cardiomyopathy and heart failure. The hypertrophic response is achieved by enlargement of the cardiac myocytes and is regulated by multiple signaling pathways, with the D-type cyclins playing a crucial role. Induction of cyclin D in adult cardiac myocytes leads to activation of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 and a partial progress through the cell cycle. Therefore, these pathways are attractive therapeutic target for treatment of heart failure and hypertrophy. We discuss the activity of cyclin D and other cell cycle regulatory proteins in left ventricle hypertrophy and whether the hypertrophic signaling pathways converge at the D-type cyclins.