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Abstract
An overwhelming number of medicines on the market are oral medicine with the disadvantage of lower bioavailability universally. Newcastle disease (ND) has become a serious disease that threatens the poultry industries in many countries, and there are no treatments available for ND. The biodegradable materials could be surface modified and protect antigen or DNA from damage. Furthermore, nanoparticles are also a potential drug delivery with proper size. However, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines encapsulated in nanoparticles were widely used due to their proved a high safety and induced quicker and better mucosal and humoral immune responses. Here we review the results of mucosal immune delivery system for ND. Due to the safety, low toxicity, and better immunogenicity of the mucosal immune delivery system, our studies provide a clearly view that used the biodegradable materials to research and develop the human vaccines to save more patients’ lives. These promising results provide a foundation for testing the approach in humans.
Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest
No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Acknowledgments
We gratefully acknowledge Ministry of Education for providing the facilities to carry out this work. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31072119), Innovative Research Team for Agricultural Microbiology Fermentation Technology in Heilongjiang Provincial University (2012td009), Changiang Scholar Candidates Program for Provincial Universities in Heilongjiang (2014CJHB005), Scientific and Technological Key Project of Heilongjiang Province (GC13B403), Early Research and Development Cultivation Project of Scientific and Technological Achievements Industrialization for Provincial Universities in Heilongjiang (1253CGZH10), Innovation Foundation of Harbin (2013RFQXJ030 and 2011RFQXN039), and Education Committee Science and Technology Research General Projects of Heilongjiang Province (12521408).