Role of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in disease resistance to necrotrophic pathogens

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signaling molecules in plant immunity. However, roles of NO and ROS in disease resistance to necrotrophic pathogens are not fully understood. We have recently demonstrated that NO plays a pivotal role in basal defense against Botrytis cinerea and the expression of the salicylic acid (SA) -responsive gene PR-1in Nicotiana benthamiana. By contrast, ROS function negatively in resistance or positively in expansion of disease lesions during B. cinerea-N. benthamiana interaction. Here, analysis in NahG-transgenic N. benthamiana showed that SA signaling is not involved in resistance to B. cinerea in N. benthamiana. We discuss how NO and ROS participate in disease resistance to necrotrophic pathogens on the basis of recent reports.

Please note: This article was previously published under the title "Role of nitric oxide and reactive oxide species in disease resistance to necrotrophic pathogens". Please see erratum published in Vol. 7, Issue 10 of Plant Signaling & Behavior:

http://www.landesbioscience.com/journals/psb/article/21622/

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge Jonathan D.G. Jones for providing construct for NahG transgenic N. benthamiana, David C. Baulcombe for providing the pTV00 vector, Nihon Nohyaku Co., Ltd., for providing B. cinerea, and Leaf Tobacco Research Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., for providing N. benthamiana seeds. This work was supported by the Program for Promotion of Basic Research Activities for Innovative Biosciences (PROBRAIN) and by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.

Figures and Tables

Figure 1 Effects of NahG transgene on susceptibility to B. cinerea. NahG and non-NahG (WT) leaves were inoculated with B. cinerea conidial suspension (1 × 10⁵ conidia/ml). (A) Inoculated leaves were photographed at 4 days postinoculation (dpi). (B) Average diameter of lesions formed on the leaves at 3 and 4 dpi. Data are means ± SD from fourteen experiments.

Figure 2 Effects of silencing NbNOA1 (N), NbRBOHB (B) or NbNOA1/NbRBOHB (N/B) in NahG plants on susceptibility to B. cinerea. Silenced NahG leaves were inoculated with B. cinerea conidial suspension (1 × 10⁵ conidia/ml). (A) Inoculated leaves were photographed at 4 dpi. (B) Average diameter of lesions formed on the leaves at 3 and 4 dpi. Data are means ± SD from four experiments. Data were subjected to Student's t-test. *p < 0.05 versus silencing-control plants (TRV). **p < 0.05 versus NbRBOHB-silenced plants.

Figure 3 Model showing role of NO and oxidative bursts in disease resistance to necrotrophic pathogens. After recognition of necrotrophs, plants immediately provoke activation of MAPK which could regulate production of both NO and ROS,2 and then NO and oxidative bursts. NO burst plays an important role in disease resistance to necrotrophic pathogens, whereas oxidative burst has a negative role in resistance or has a positive role in expansion of disease lesions by necrotrophs.

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