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Abstract
Using elementary techniques, a question named after the famous Russian mathematician I. M. Gelfand is answered. This concerns the leading (i.e., most significant) digit in the decimal expansion of integers 2n, 3n, …, 9n. The history of this question, some of which is very recent, is reviewed.
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Notes on contributors
Jaap Eising
JAAP EISING enrolled as an undergraduate student at the University of Groningen in 2010. He obtained his bachelor's degree in 2013, and continued with a year as board member of FMF, the association for students in (Applied) Mathematics, (Applied) Physics, Computer Science and Astronomy of the University of Groningen.
David Radcliffe
DAVID RADCLIFFE received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee in 2001. His thesis deals with presentations of Coxeter groups and related groups. He is an independent software developer and former college math instructor, and he maintains the weblog MATHBLAG (musings on mathematics and teaching).
Jaap Top
JAAP TOP completed his Ph.D. at the University of Utrecht in 1989 in the area of arithmetic geometry. After positions at Queen's University (Kingston) and Erasmus University (Rotterdam), he went to Groningen in 1992 where he became a professor in Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory in 2005.